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What is the FCI Jack Russell Terrier?

The first part of the question: what is the FCI? FCI stands for Federation Cynologique International, based in Thuin, Belgium. The FCI is a world wide canine organization with members from each country throughout the world. The FCI is not a registry. Each country's member organization is responsible for their country's registry activities and judge's education. The FCI insure that the pedigrees and judges are mutually recognized by all the FCI members.

The FCI has 80 member countries. The recognise 335 dog breeds. Each breed is owned by one member country, the owner country writes the standards of the breed in co-operation with the Standards and Scientific Commissions of the FCI. The FCI is responsible for translation and updates. Each member country conducts international shows and working trials. The results are sent to the FCI office where they are tabulated. When a dog has been awarded a certain number of awards, it can receive the title of International Beauty or Working Champion. The FCI also publishes a magazine, three times yearly, in four languages (French, English, German and Spanish). Information about the publication is available from STRATEGO, Muhlenweg 4, 7221 Marz, Austria.

To further research the FCI, click on this link: http://www.fci.be/


To answer the second part of the question:

Since our breed originated in England, what does AKC list the Australia as the Country of Development for our breed? England is still the country of origin, but Australia developed the breed into a purebred. Australia was the first country to write a breed standard exclusively for the 10 to inch JRT. Their original club, the Jack Russell Terrier Club of Australia founded in 1972, was the first club to organize and register our shorter dogs. They were the first Country in the world to to breed them according to purebred practices. The JRTC of Australia has done an excellent job in their record keeping. They have documentation with pictures, dates of birth, dates of death and causes of death on many of their very early dogs. They were the first club to gain kennel club recognition for the JRT. This was in 1990. Without the work Australia did in getting our breed recognized by the Australian National Kennel Council (ANKC), our breed would not have been accepted into AKC FSS. While all of our dogs don't share direct Australian blood, they all share English blood. The Australian dogs can be directly linked back to specific hunts in England. Some of our American dogs can be traced back to those same hunts, The Australian records date back to approximately 1961. Australia has the oldest and largest legitimate registry for this breed. This can all be easily verified through ANKC.

Did you know that it was Irish Kennel that presented the breed to the FCI, while closely working with Australia? ANKC is not a full FCI member. Australia worked with the Ireland (a full FCI member) to get the JRT recognized by the FCI, making them able to be recognized by the other FCI countries. It was Ireland that the presented the Australian written standard to the FCI for acceptance. The FCI accepted the Jack Russell Terrier on October 25, 2000. It is the same standard and the same breed in the Irish Kennel as it is in Australia and the rest of the world. There is great benefit to for the US to match the rest of the world in this breed.
The American Kennel Club is not a member of the FCI, but it is an acceptable registry for the FCI. Because of this, we are able to import Jack Russell Terriers from FCI countries and record them with AKC FSS. Soon we will be able to export also.

In conclusion, this is how the ANKC/FCI JRT, a breed that has existed as a Kennel Club breed for over 15 years, was accepted into AKC FSS on the American Russell Terrier Club's first application.

The Controversial Breed

Jack Russell Terrier? Parson Russell Terrier? Russell Terrier? English Jack Russell Terrier? So many names. So confusing.

It all started back in mother England...where the breed was developed in the 1800's by a fox hunting Parson named John "Jack" Russell. After his death the name Jack Russell Terrier was used to describe pretty much any mostly white small fox hunting terrier. Some were short, some were tall and many were sort of in-between. Some were reputed to have run with the hounds, some were carried horseback in a special terrier bag. It seems that all claim to have descended directly from the Parson's own dogs.

The terriermen in England used whatever they needed to do the job they wanted to do. Some used shorter smaller dogs and some preferred the taller leggier dogs. It all depended on the environment where they were hunted. The terriermen did not practice pure breeding, most did not keep pedigrees. If they wanted something from another hunting breed, they would cross their dogs. Beagles were crossed on the Jack Russell to create a better nose, etc. The tall and short varieties were crossed when needed. The main focus was on what could and would hunt.

Eventually, two basic types of dogs emerged. Kennel club recognition was sought for each type. in 1990, the English Kennel Club recognized the taller leggier dog. The Parson Russell Terrier Club founded in 1983, wrote a standard to include the height range of 12 to 15 inches for the now Parson Russell Terrier.

In 1972, Australia formed a club for the 10 to 12 inch size and developed a breed standard for the smaller dogs. Thus, the Australian Jack Russell Terrier Club was born. They received Kennel recognition, with the Australian National Kennel Council, for the Jack Russell Terrier in 1990.

Australia then worked with Ireland to get the Jack Russell recognized in FCI countries using the Australian written standard. This goal was achieved in 2000.

In the US, in 1995 a club was formed exclusively for the shorter 10 to 12 inch dogs, the club was named the English Jack Russell Terrier Club. In 2005 the name of the club was changed to the American Russell Terrier Club.

The United Kennel Club in the US was the first to recognize the breed under the Australian standard effective January 1, 2001. All the dogs registered with the English Jack Russell Terrier Club went in as Foundation Stock for the breed. Because of name conflicts the US, the UKC simply called the dogs Russell Terriers, later to change the name effective January 2009, back to Jack Russell Terriers. The UKC did this in order to comply with the rest of the world.

In October of 2004, the now American Russell Terrier club applied for recognition in AKC using the Australian written standard. The breed was accepted into their Foundation Stock Service program as Jack Russell Terrier in December of 2004. The AKC later because of conflicts with the non kennel club Jack Russell Terrier Club of America who recognizes the taller dogs as Jack

Russell Terriers, changed the name to Russell Terrier. (Clear as mud, huh?).

In October of 2007, the American Russell Terrier Club was named Parent Club designate for the breed in AKC.

The Parson Russell Terrier and the AKC Russell Terrier are now 2 separate breeds who have both reached purebred status. The two are no longer bred together and have not been by kennel club fanciers for many years.

____AKC Russell Terrier_______AKC Parson Russell Terrier

I believe as the Russell Terrier/Jack Russell gains AKC recognition, some of the confusion will cease, we'll see!